1. A normal airplane seatbelt is pretty useless for holding a one year old. When the CARs 605.25 and 605.26 talks about a child restraint system, they are referring to a carseat.

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2. A strong impact would pull the child out of the adult's arms, but this is the approved answer.

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3. Never fasten a seatbelt around an adult and a child togther, in any vehicle. An impact, even just medium turbulence, could cause the child to be crushed or strangled between the belt and the adult.